Laser Surveying - An Introduction

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Laser surveying goes by several names, including: laser scanning, 3D laser scanning and 3D laser surveying. But in each case, a laser scanner is used to record the spatial data of an object or an environment, which is transferred to a computer where it can be viewed in the following data models: polygon mesh models, which are used for conceptual purposes; surface models, which are used to model the surface of objects; and solid CAD models, which are used to incorporate design intent into objects.

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Laser scanning has long been used by the engineering industry and in medical practice. But today, it is increasingly being used by any organization that has data capture needs, including: law enforcement organizations, which use scanners to gather crime scene and accident scene evidence; historical preservation societies, which use scanners to gather the data of historical buildings and monuments for preservation purposes; and archeological organizations, which use scanners to survey dig sites and their surrounding structures both before and during digs.

Any company or individual can purchase a laser scanner, although the cost of scanners regularly reaches six figures. As a result, many organizations choose to outsource their scanning needs to laser-scanning companies. In addition to cost of equipment, hiring a scanning service has three basic advantages over purchasing your own scanning equipment: they employ expertly trained scanning professionals; they have a range of scanning equipment that allows them to use the ideal scanner for the job; and they prevent you from having to pay maintenance on scanning equipment or replace it when it breaks or becomes obsolete.

Traditionally, the surveying of objects and environments has relied on analogue and GPS technology, both of which, as service, cost more than laser scanning, and neither of which produce the elite data accuracy of laser scanning. In addition to eliminating the rework that can result from inaccurate surveying results, laser scanning reduces the cost of the surveying process by allowing the surveyor to become less involved. In many cases, a laser scanning service can supply the desired data in only one surveying session.

In some cases, companies and organizations shy away from laser scanning because they prefer the traditional method of interpreting an object or an environment's data through 2D drawings. However, most laser scanning companies employ a draftsman and provide 2D drawings upon request, typically marketing them as the best way to retain a hardcopy of computerized data in the event of computer failure.

Similarly, computerized scan data can also aid 2D drawings, allowing customers to contemplate an object or environment from a variety perspectives by rotating it or manipulating its data to see how it would look if certain design principles were applied. Regardless of its application, laser surveying always serves the same function: to record the accurate spatial data of an object or environment and allow the customer to repurpose it as needed.

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